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Your Experts Have Partners. There's HOPE for Keeping Them Together

HOPE, a second-order expert pruning method for Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language models, accounts for pairwise expert interactions by optimizing a quadratic program based on an interaction matrix derived from calibration data. Unlike first-order methods that prune experts independently, HOPE preserves cooperative expert groups, leading to better performance—especially at high pruning rates like 50%. On benchmarks such as SWE-Bench Pro, HOPE outperforms state-of-the-art first-order methods like REAP by up to +6.1%, maintaining model quality while significantly reducing memory footprint. The method requires only a single calibration pass and efficient quadratic programming, with negligible overhead. It has been validated on Qwen3.5 and GLM-4.5 models, showing consistent improvements across diverse tasks and calibration sets.

New NVIDIA Cosmos 3 Open Models for Interactive World Simulation

NVIDIA has introduced four new open-weight checkpoints for its Cosmos 3 model family—Cosmos3-Nano-Transfer-Auto, Cosmos3-Nano-Sim-Auto, Cosmos3-Nano-Sim-Transfer, and Cosmos3-Nano-Sim-Bimanual—enabling interactive world simulation and multi-sensor, multi-view driving scene generation. Each model is a post-trained variant of Cosmos 3 Nano with 16B trainable parameters and is based on OpenMDW1.1, allowing commercial and non-commercial use. The checkpoints support applications in robotics and autonomous driving by generating synchronized camera and LiDAR data, enabling streaming simulations, translating simulator controls into photorealistic video, and predicting visual outcomes from robot actions. They are designed to be adapted using custom data and training recipes, with support for offline data generation, causal distillation, and interactive rollouts. Resources include technical reports, demos, and notebooks for inference and adaptation.

A Closer Look at Phonon TTS. Launching High-Quality On-Device Speech That Tops the Benchmarks.

Phonon, a small text-to-speech model that runs entirely on the user's device without requiring internet access, has been released with support for English, French, German, Spanish, and Portuguese. Built on the Pocket TTS lineage using flow matching, Phonon achieves high-quality audio in compact sizes (65 MB and 75 MB), with the 31m version licensed under Apache 2.0 for commercial use. It excels in intelligibility and speed, ranking first in German and Spanish on Hugging Face's Open TTS Leaderboard and leading in CPU streaming benchmarks. The model supports voice cloning, custom voices via Gradium Studio, and integrates with Hugging Face Transformers. It is available in multiple formats and backends, including WebAssembly, GPU, and NPU, enabling deployment across phones, laptops, single-board computers, and browsers. Over 200,000 downloads were recorded in its first two weeks, with active developer adoption through tools like ExecuTorch, Micdrop, and Spaces. Future developments include support for additional languages, smaller models, and custom vocabulary fine-tuning.

Dharma Field Extractor: Any Document In, Structured Fields in JSON Out

The Dharma Field Extractor, a 2-billion-parameter model, specializes in extracting specific fields from diverse document types—such as invoices, IDs, and medical forms—into structured JSON format. It outperforms general-purpose frontier LLMs in accuracy and reduces cost by up to 147 times when self-hosted, demonstrating that domain-specialized small models can surpass large general-purpose models on well-defined tasks. The model supports both open extraction (detecting fields without a schema) and schema-directed extraction (returning exact field names and types), with training data spanning English, Brazilian Portuguese, and multilingual documents. Benchmarks show superior F1 scores and valid JSON output across real-world datasets like SROIE and FUNSD, reinforcing the thesis that specialization beats scale for enterprise document processing.

Why Pay for Long Reasoning When Rewrite Do Trick? Causal Effects of Reasoning History Compaction on Future Generation and Agent Cost

arXiv:2611.03852v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reasoning substantially improves language models' ability to solve difficult problems, but long reasoning traces make these gains expensive. Efficient reasoning should express useful analysis in fewer tokens by reducing repetition and text that adds little value to solving the problem. Progress in proprietary models motivates this goal, yet their hidden scratchpads limit direct study of how it is achieved. We investigate whether open-weight models can generate less verbose reasoning by changing the form of their own earlier thoughts, without retraining. Our intervention rewrites prior reasoning into compact state records before pending tool results are revealed, then compares continuations from original and compact histories. Across the tested models, accepted compact histories usually shorten future reasoning; a coding case study also shows less repeated verification after a shared candidate solution. In software-agent deployments, compaction can reduce total spending, although task quality and rewrite-inclusive time depend on the target and compressor. These findings identify reasoning history as one way to reduce future reasoning-token use and motivate model-specific compaction policies evaluated for both efficiency and retained capability.

3, 7, 14, 17, 42: Instruction Tuning Installs and Sharpens Number-Choice Heuristics in Language Models

arXiv:2610.36178v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We measure, without sampling error, the probability a language model assigns to each integer from 1 to N when asked for a random number. For a fixed prompt the model defines one probability vector, which we compute by summing over each integer's scored spellings rather than estimate by sampling, removing the noise that limits earlier studies [1, 4]. We evaluate 18 open-weight model lines at five ranges up to N = 100, under 29 decoding configurations, on two inference stacks; 15 of them have matched base and instruction-tuned checkpoints that both give usable answers. Instruction tuning makes the distribution less uniform in all 15 pairs. It installs one heuristic, round-number avoidance, and sharpens another, endpoint avoidance. Base checkpoi

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$\Psi$-0.6: Adaptive Streams of Thought in a Unified Vision-Language World Model

arXiv:2610.32177v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Humans reason about the physical world by flexibly combining different forms of inference as a problem unfolds. Achieving this flexibility is a major open challenge in AI: capabilities often remain separated across specialized models, limiting how they can be composed and jointly adapted to a task. We introduce $\Psi$-0.6, a unified vision-language world model that adaptively composes perception, language, geometry, and simulation within a shared reasoning process we call streams of thought. These streams interleave images, text, and explicit representations of geometry and motion, all of which the model can generate and interpret through a shared token interface. $\Psi$-0.6 surpasses leading open-weight models zero-shot on multi-view spatial

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How Much Do You Trust A Dog? Quantifying Hint-Following in Reasoning Language Models

arXiv:2610.32055v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) often exhibit sycophancy, altering their answers to align with user suggestions even on objective factual and reasoning tasks. Yet the quantitative form of this influence--- and whether it is calibrated to source reliability--- remains poorly understood. In this work, we investigate this behavior through hint-induced answer shifts on MMLU questions, evaluating prompts of the form ``[Source] thinks the answer is (X)''. We systematically vary the source to which the hint is attributed (a professor, a friend, or a dog) across three open-source model families, Qwen, Gemma, and SmolLM. We show that the change induced by the hint follows a predictable structure well-characterized by an exponential tilt: the hint induces

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Can Test-Time Memory Evolution Outperform Test-Time Training for Scientific Discovery?

arXiv:2610.32046v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent \emph{test-time training} (TTT) frameworks have enabled open-weight large language models (LLMs) to outperform inference-only frameworks powered by frontier models on scientific discovery tasks. However, TTT introduces additional computational cost for online weight updates during the discovery process, making computational efficiency an important consideration when scaling to larger models. This motivates us to explore an efficient \emph{test-time adaptation} method for scientific discovery. We introduce \emph{Test-Time Memory Evolution} (TTME), a plug-and-play test-time adaptation method, as an alternative to TTT. TTME continually updates the external memory by distilling the experience to guide subsequent discovery without updating

Can Test-Time Memory Evolution Outperform Test-Time Training for Scientific Discovery?
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NVIDIA’s open-source models are helping to bring AI projects in the public sector to fruition across multiple European countries.

NVIDIA, in collaboration with governments and technology partners across multiple European countries, is advancing sovereign, controllable AI applications—leveraging open-source large models such as Nemotron and synthetic persona datasets—in Germany, Poland, the United Kingdom, France, Greece, and other nations. These efforts span areas including medical image analysis, employment services, digital government assistants, classified information processing, and localized language modeling.

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Qwen2.5-Coder: Code More, Learn More!

GITHUB HUGGING FACE MODELSCOPE DEMO DISCORD Introduction In early April, we introduced CodeQwen1.5, which garnered significant attention from the community. Since then, we have been working to enhance the coding model. Today, we are excited to announce the release of the next generation of open-source coding models, Qwen2.5-Coder, and officially rename CodeQwen to Qwen-Coder. We think “Coder” is more human-like and agile, reflecting our vision of it becoming a true coding partner in the future.