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Selective, Risk-Controlled Emotion Forecasting in Conversation: From a Persistence Barrier to Departure Detection with Conformal Guarantees

arXiv:2611.05896v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Forecasting emotion in conversation is increasingly framed as predicting the next emotional state's value. We show this targets a hard quantity in a state-observed testbed and propose a learnable, deployable reformulation instead. On valence-arousal-dominance trajectories from a dyadic corpus, repeating a speaker's own previous state sets a persistence baseline that no frozen-encoder correction meaningfully improves upon and a state-space filter exceeds; the floor requires the historical state to be observed, since an estimated anchor collapses persistence below a direct forecaster. What survives is the timing of a departure from persistence, learnable on three of four corpora and near chance on the highest-base-rate corpus, a negative result we report. We recast the task as selective departure forecasting: a lead-time-weighted metric with a leakage protocol, and commitment policies whose best choice switches with the departure rate. A dialogue-level conformal risk control bounds the expected loss of committed predictions, meeting the target in all twelve configurations tested, though the guarantee is bought through abstention, with coverage and alarm recall falling sharply on the hardest corpus. One tested language model's confidence fails as a ranking signal where another succeeds, a model-dependent failure not yet attributable to family versus scale. Code and result logs are available from the corresponding author upon request.

A thousand fewer paths to root

OpenAI built an autonomous pipeline that found, validated, and generated patches for 948 local privilege-escalation vulnerabilities in the Linux kernel.

Do AI Scientists Know What's New?

arXiv:2610.36511v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A major challenge facing AI scientific discovery pipelines is how to determine when a generated idea is meaningfully novel. Ideally, novelty checks in these pipelines must be able to reject non-novel ideas while not rejecting too many novel ideas, and they should also be able to distinguish which parts of a proposal are non-novel, as opposed to opaquely discarding entire proposals. We design an analytical framework for evaluation of novelty checks with temporal ground truth at both the proposal- and claim-level, using four datasets of 1,060 proposals built from published papers, reviewer disputes, and generated ideas matching ones the field went on to publish. Auditing existing novelty checks with this framework, we find that checks with high

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Entity-Aware Evaluation of OCR Systems for Historical Document Transcription

arXiv:2610.33004v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is essential for digitizing historical archives, yet standard evaluation metrics such as Character Error Rate (CER) do not necessarily reflect whether meaningful information, such as names, dates, and identifiers, is preserved. In this work, we investigate entitylevel analysis of OCR errors as a complementary perspective for evaluating OCR quality in historical documents. Using a publicly available benchmark of 175 documents from the Berrutti Archive, augmented with 5,209 manually annotated entity mentions that will be released upon acceptance, we compare sequence-recognition OCR systems, OCR-specialized vision-language models, and general-purpose vision-language models. Beyond global transcription accuracy

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